tES + fMRI

Combining Transcranial Electrical Stimulation (tES) with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) allows for the investigation of tES-induced changes in brain activity across the entire brain with high spatial resolution. While tES modulates neural excitability, fMRI measures the resulting blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal changes. This powerful pairing enables researchers to map the widespread network effects of localized electrical stimulation, providing insights into how tES influences brain connectivity and function in both healthy individuals and clinical populations.

• Whole-Brain Effects: Maps widespread brain activity changes induced by tES.
• High Spatial Resolution: Utilizes fMRI's strength for precise localization of effects.
• Network Modulation: Investigates how tES influences functional brain connectivity.
• Therapeutic Mechanism Research: Helps clarify the neural underpinnings of tES therapeutic effects.